![]() The taxonomy of Lupinus has always been confusing. Subgenus Lupinus consists of 12 species from Africa and the Mediterranean, with a minimum of four ovules or seedbuds. contains perennial and annual species from the Western Hemisphere, with a minimum two or more ovules or seedbuds. ![]() In this schema, subgenus Platycarpos (S.Wats.) Kurl. Watson).Ī current schema retains this distinction, but uses the nomenclature for the subgenera of Platycarpos and Lupinus. Platycarpos included several annual species from the Eastern Hemisphere with two seedbuds and seeds in the bean (the same species, as the one specified by S. Most of the described species were referred to subgen. They described two subgenera, Eulupinus and Platycarpos. While Watson's work was predominantly based on study of North American species, the later research of Ascherson and Graebner (1907) extended his principle of classification to cover all lupins from the Eastern and Western Hemispheres, also using number of ovules (seedbuds) in the ovary (and thus of seeds in the pod) as the criterion for this division. Section Lupinnelus consisted of one species ( L. uncialis), with axillary and solitary flowers, scarcely reflexed banner, and also with two ovules in the ovary. Some annual species with two ovules in the ovary and two seeds in the pod ( L. densiflorus, L. microcarpus, etc.) were attributed to the Platycarpos section. A majority of the perennial and annual species from the American continent described by Watson were referred to Lupinus. Differences in habitat and in the number of ovules were the basis for this classification. and, in particular, its North American species were divided by Sereno Watson (1873) into three sections: Lupinus, Platycarpos, and Lupinnelus. The seeds contain alkaloids which lend them a bitter taste. The fruit is a pod containing several seeds. The flower shape has inspired common names such as bluebonnets and quaker bonnets. ![]() The pea-like flowers have an upper standard, or banner, two lateral wings, and two lower petals fused into a keel. The flowers are produced in dense or open whorls on an erect spike, each flower 1–2 centimetres ( 3⁄ 8– 3⁄ 4 inch) long. The leaf blades are usually palmately divided into five to 28 leaflets, or reduced to a single leaflet in a few species of the southeastern United States and eastern South America. Lupins have soft green to grey-green leaves which may be coated in silvery hairs, often densely so. An exception is the chamis de monte ( Lupinus jaimehintoniana) of Oaxaca in Mexico, which is a tree up to 8 m (26 ft) tall. The species are mostly herbaceous perennial plants 0.3–1.5 metres (1–5 feet) tall, but some are annual plants and a few are shrubs up to 3 m (10 ft) tall. They are widely cultivated, both as a food source and as ornamental plants, but are invasive to some areas. Smaller centers occur in North Africa and the Mediterranean. The genus includes over 199 species, with centers of diversity in North and South America. Lupinus, commonly known as lupin, lupine, or regionally bluebonnet etc., is a genus of plants in the legume family Fabaceae.
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