![]() Also, it is common among Eastern trading regions, including Onitsha, Aba, Umuahia, and notably in use in Port Harcourt, Lagos, and Benin City. Therefore, on a broad view, it is spoken in all geopolitical zones with documented statistics showing a higher use in the oil-rich South-South regions such as Warri and Sapele. As a nation composed of over 500 different languages, Pidgin English gives a means of understanding among the country’s people. The advancement in urbanization and national integration has fostered the spread of the Pidgin English language beyond the local/rural communities, into big cities, and even outside the country. The new generation slangs in Nigeria have opened the Nigeran Pidgin to numerous short trending phrases and expressions that bear little importance to the wider population but can form the entire basis of a conversation among young Nigerians. In recent times, Pidgin English usage among the youths has boosted the vocabulary content, and it is widely spread through pop culture, music, comedy skits, and movies, among others. For instance, di food burn well well (The food really got burnt), I fit die now now (I can die immediately), di money don finish kia-kia (The money has finished quickly-quickly). Similarly, many Nigerian languages have reduplication, which has been infused into the pidgin language. For instance, Walahi (sincerely – Hausa), obodo oyibo (white man’s land – Igbo), Koro (short cut, dark alley, or dirt road – Isoko), Una (plural of you (from unu) – Igbo), and Abi (Right – Yoruba). In the history of Nigerian pidgin, words were borrowed from many indigenous languages. Also, many Nigerian languages omit the preposition ‘to.’ This influences an instance such as I wan go market (I want to go to the market). Many Nigerian languages describe eating in the same manner as chopping (cutting into pieces). ![]() The Nigerian pidgin, like any other pidgin, borrows words and language structure of indigenous languages. Alternating from a reference to the uneducated and rather used as a show of national identity. Following the colonial area, it became more dominant between the British and their indigenous staff, and at the turn of independence, the language continued to grow. The language was developed to foster communication between British slave traders and the locals. The Nigerian pidgin started during the pre-colonial era in the 17th century. Also, Pidgin English speakers maintain their own languages for conversation purposes within their own people. Typically with easy grammar and a reduced vocabulary than the languages from which it is derived and used among people who do not share a common language (i.e., lingua franca) for communication. Generally, pidgin is a language made up of lexicons and other features from more than one language. Pidgin is used in many day-to-day activities in Nigeria, including an exchange in the marketplace, places of worship, music, and media, among others. It is often used as a language to bridge the gap that other Nigerian languages may come with. Pidgin in Nigeria is well accepted among people of different classes, ages, and ethnicities. The Nigerian Pidgin language is one of Nigeria’s most widely spoken languages, with about 40 million people speaking it as a first language and over 60 million as a second language.
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![]() The base game Blitzkrieg was released together with its three expansions as Blitzkrieg Anthology. ![]() They are published and distributed by CDV Interactive. ![]() There are three official expansions of the original Blitzkrieg to date, all three were developed by La Plata Studios (Germany) in collaboration with Nival Interactive, the developer of the original Blitzkrieg game. Because of the dismissal of base-building and unit spawning, strategy is a key ingredient of overall gameplay. Each of the individual units can be used separately or in groups, and by highlighting vehicles or humans, groups can be created and then called by a button at any time. As they fight, units will expend their ammunition, forcing the player to pay attention. These named units would be the same personnel accompanying the player throughout the chosen Campaign and may gain rank and experience as the player progresses from one Chapter to the other. Each of those attempt to chronologically re-enact the time periods of the war by devising Chapters into each of the campaigns. They feature the Allies (American and British campaigns), the Germans, and the Soviets. Blitzkrieg centers on 3 distinctive campaigns which features some of the major factions battling it out in World War II. The game is split into three modes: campaign, multiplayer and custom game. The game shipped with a mission and resource editors for users to create their own units and maps. Each unit of a respective nation speaks its own language, adding immensely to the immersion. Forests can be flattened by tanks or artillery. Virtually everything can be destroyed including buildings and bridges. The player has the ability to build pontoon bridges, dig trenches, lay mines, resupply and repair units or call in air support but there are no resources. The game features over 350 different units and objects. Blood is present although it can be deactivated. Graphics deliver realistic 3-D rendered isometric terrain and details include seasons, climatic zones and weather conditions which can affect game play. Blitzkrieg Anthology does not appear to use StarForce. Ĭertain versions of the original game, and several sequels, use the StarForce copy protection system. Virtual Programming published a Mac OS X version of the game on the Mac App Store on April 20, 2011. Similar to the Sudden Strike games Blitzkrieg focuses on battles rather than real-time strategy aspects like base building. Each country has its respective historically correct military units. The game allows players to assume the role of commanding officer during the battles of World War II that occurred in Europe and North Africa. Blitzkrieg ( Russian: Блицкриг) is a real-time tactics video game based on the events of World War II and is the first title in the Blitzkrieg series. ![]() I am not one of those purists, though, so I ultimately judge Rebellion’s latest by the new gameplay opportunities it opens up. Suppressors are plentiful, and – much like Activision’s series – wrapping a pistol grip in tape somehow makes the weapon handle better. Sniper Elite 5 might upset some pursuits as it abandons the limited, historically accurate approach for more liberal, almost COD-like weaponry. Every weapon and ammo type clearly lists this stat, and the many weapon upgrades you unlock over the course of the game can alter this behaviour further.Įven without suppressors, you can control how you’re perceived quite easily the HUD makes the enemies’ intentions (and state) clear, so you’re never unsure whether they’re hunting you, or have given up the chase and returned to neutral. To make the fantasy feel even more immersive, there are Sniper Elite 5’s new gunshot audible ranges. This is done by disabling alarms, and trapping the roads that lead to it. I found the best way to stealth my way into a base is to isolate it from the rest of the map. While enemy AI is more limited compared to Kojima’s classic, it can easily flank you and communicate your position to nearby units regularly. An officer you randomly killed at the start of the mission might offer a key code or note about a hidden stash you’re going to need later. Similar to MGS 5, Sniper Elite 5’s levels present a rule consistency that makes them feel believable. The map only reveals those locations once you’ve discovered them. There’s almost always a workbench to unlock, a stash of ammo, or even just a garage to pick up a crowbar just in case you need it later. Sniper Elite 5 consistently trusts you to wander off and take your time to create those opportunities. But if you kill your mark in the specific way the game wants you, you’ll have a unique reward waiting for you. How you do it is up to you – and indeed, the AI is dynamic enough that you may accidentally down your target if they decided to patrol near you and things got loud. Kill Lists, on the other hand, task you with taking out a particular high-ranking target. Complex indoor levels make scouting ahead and planning much more difficult. The more you explore, the more context about your ultimate goal you’re going to gain. You’ll regularly come across maps, notes about collapsed cave-ins that offer unusual entrances, codes for various safes, and even tools like bolt cutters that let you access otherwise off-limits areas. I made it a point to leave the main objective until the end, and the game feels to have been designed with that in mind. ![]() Side missions might not offer the same spectacle as your main objectives, but they often unfold in ways that inform how you tackle the main targets – and give that edge when it’s finally time to take your quarry down. The same goes for side missions, and the Hitman-inspired Kill Lists. There’s almost always more than one way to go about it, too, and the map teases you by positing that there is, in fact, more than one way to skin a cat. Your objective’s general area is circled on the map, but the circumstances are never clear until you actually get there. Missions start by throwing you right into the action, with only a vague indication of where you should go. The pre-mission briefing usually has the information you need to achieve your goal, and you can certainly mainline it and extract shortly after.īut this is a decidedly uneventful way to play, because the game places such a huge emphasis on exploration that it turns it into some Hitman-meets-MGS baby that’s ready to reward you for poking your head into every barn and crowbarring your way into any suspicious-looking building in the French countryside. You’re dropped into a large – though not quite open – map and given a general objective. Sniper Elite 5 has a fairly straightforward setup, but the way it’s executed this time is what makes the difference. I expected a good stealth game (and a satisfying sniping sim-cade) but I wasn’t ready for how ambitious, and often brilliant, Sniper Elite 5’s mix of stealth and action is. Sniper Elite 5, however, launches into Game Pass – and that was all the convincing I needed to download Rebellion’s latest and play it now, rather than pick it up on sale down the line like I usually do. The trailers and gameplay we got to see ahead of launch showed incremental upgrades and general refinements over its predecessors, but nothing that immediately stood out as something I needed to try. But I wasn’t particularly looking forward to Sniper Elite 5. I’ve played them all, though rarely at launch, and I’ve enjoyed them all to varying degrees. I’ve been guilty of skipping over the Sniper Elite series, and I know I’m not alone. They had some suggestions, some of them I liked, some of them I did not. They did have a couple of suggestions, but the gist of it was that I was there to tell them that I would not defend my title in the next World Championship match, and we had a small discussion. I did not have any demands or suggestions for that meeting. After the conclusion I did agree to meet with Dvorkovich and Sutovsky from FIDE to talk a little bit. ![]() That meeting was widely thought to have been a discussion of what might make Magnus playing a new match possible, but Magnus explains it was mainly about communicating his decision.Īs many know, I was in Madrid for the conclusion of the Candidates Tournament. ![]() It was reported that Magnus Carlsen had a 40-minute meeting with the President of the World Chess Federation (FIDE) Arkady Dvorkovich and FIDE General Director Emil Sutovsky in Madrid on the final weekend of the Candidates Tournament, when it was already clear that Ian Nepomniachtchi would earn a World Championship rematch. The difference, however, is that Magnus had no demands that weren’t met.Ĭarlsen’s last-minute “negotiations” with FIDE I simply feel that I don’t have a lot to gain, I don’t particularly like it, and although I’m sure a match would be interesting for historical reasons and all of that, I don’t have any inclination to play and I will simply not play the match.Īnatoly Karpov and Hou Yifan both gave up FIDE World Championship titles as they didn’t agree with the title being decided in a knockout, but you have to go back to Bobby Fischer in 1975 for the last player to give up the title rather than defend it in a match. And the conclusion is, yeah, it’s very simple, that I am not motivated to play another match. And I’ve spoken to people in my team, I’ve spoken to FIDE, I spoke to Ian as well. Ultimately the conclusion stands, one that I’m pretty comfortable with, one that I’ve thought a lot about for a long time now, I would say more than a year, probably a year and a half almost, since long before the last match. He did play in 2021, but almost immediately after winning his 5th title against Ian Nepomniachtchi in Dubai, he gave a podcast interview to his friend Magnus Barstad where he commented, “if someone other than Firouzja wins the Candidates Tournament it’s unlikely I will play the next World Championship match”.ġ9-year-old Alireza Firouzja didn’t come close, and in a new podcast with the same host entitled "The Magnus Effect" for his sponsor Unibet, Magnus now reveals that his World Championship adventure is over, at least for now. In The Magnus Carlsen Story, released in early 2021, he commented, “I will most probably play in 2021, and if I were to win, I’ve no idea whether I would play the next one”. 1, has long had a love/hate relationship with the World Chess Championship. Magnus Carlsen, who has spent over a decade unbroken as chess world no. and no longer playing for the World Chess Championship But I think it unlikely that such detailed guidance would exist, given the variety of possible circumstances that can exist, and the lack of overall importance of the distinctions between each case.Magnus Carlsen on "The Magnus Effect" podcast, where he talked about his trip to Las Vegas. ![]() In such a case, it would be best to contact the company and adjust the information pre-emptively. The only exception would be if there were explicit instructions about how to account for such a situation, and you have recorded the matter contrary to the instructions, presumably in error. The general purpose of a background check is to verify your past and your good conduct in other organisations, not to quibble about technical distinctions between whether a brief period of training with an employer counts either as part of the main engagement or as two separate headings. If your new employer asks for clarification about the circumstances then provide it, but I see no reason why it would raise a "red flag". If you were engaged in training with a company for two months - assuming the training is either full-time or at least a substantial time commitment - then I think it's perfectly reasonable to declare the start of that training as the start of your time with the company. ![]() To do it, you first need turn on voice activation on your PC, and allow Cortana use be activated by voice. You may need to customize Cortana so you can activate it by voice or by pressing the Windows key + C. As with chat or texting, it displays your previous interactions, so you can scroll back and see your questions and Cortana’s answers. Cortana may ask questions to clarify what you want done, tell you it’s created the reminder, or say it can’t create the reminder. However, the Cortana app now offers a chat-like experience, so you instead speak or type using plain English words. In the previous version of Cortana, you often had to fill out on-screen forms to create reminders. IDGĬortana displays the results of your request and reads them to you. However, if you ask a more complicated question that requires a display of web links, Cortana will show the links in the Edge browser. When you ask Cortana a straightforward question or issue a straightforward command, Cortana displays the result onscreen and reads it to you. ![]() Once you start the app, to perform a Cortana search, you say “Hey Cortana” and speak your search, or click the Cortana icon to the right of the search box and speak, or press the Windows key + C and speak or type. You can start it by clicking the Cortana icon in the taskbar just to the right of the search box, pressing the Windows key + C, or saying “Cortana.” So the only way to use Cortana is to run the app. And then Microsoft went ever further and turned Cortana into its own app that works like any other Windows 10 app, including running in a resizable window that can be moved around the screen. First, Microsoft separated Cortana from the Windows search box. Cortana used to be integrated in the Windows search box: Whether you performed a search by speaking or typing, the results were delivered in the Cortana pane. If that’s the case for you, see the “Cortana and search” section of Computerworld’s “ Windows 10 cheat sheet” or the Cortana section of our Windows Update review.īefore we head into the tips, we should cover a bit of background. Note that this article covers tips for Cortana in the Windows Update (version 21H1), so if you have a different version, things may look different or may not work. To help you get the most out of Cortana, I’ve put together some of my favorite tips for using it - including using Cortana to manage your Google Calendar and to send you reminders. No matter which version you use, though, it’s a very useful tool and can do a lot for you, including alerting you to upcoming meetings searching your PC and the web telling you about the weather, news, and sports and a lot more. Depending on which version of Windows you’re using, it may be integrated directly into the Windows Search box, or run as an entirely separate app. Over the years, it’s had new features added, and then others taken away. ![]() But it was launched back in December 2015, and it’s changed quite a bit since then. Microsoft’s digital assistant Cortana was one of the major additions to Windows 10 when it first came out. ![]() ![]() Additional studies are warranted to further characterize the disease process and determine the most effective means of treatment.Ĭongenital vertebral malformations occur commonly in small animals, but many produce no evidence of neurologic dysfunction. However, fibrous constrictive myelopathy should be considered in Pugs with pelvic limb gait and postural reaction deficits and lack of hyperpathia upon palpation of the vertebral column. Despite surgical intervention, all dogs that survived surgery continued to have neurologic deficits.Ĭonclusions and Clinical Relevance-In the present study, presence of aplastic or hypoplastic articular processes in the thoracolumbar region did not always produce neurologic signs. Eight of 11 dogs underwent surgical exploration. Four of 11 dogs had urinary or fecal incontinence. Five of 11 dogs had a history of unrelated trauma. All dogs' neurologic lesion localization was to the T3-元 spinal cord segments. Results-The most common neurologic examination findings were paraparesis with ataxia or paraplegia but no evidence of hyperpathia along the vertebral column. ![]() Dogs were included in the study if hypoplastic or aplastic thoracolumbar caudal articular processes were present on radiographs, CT images, or MRI images. Procedures-Medical records of dogs with myelopathy presumably caused by constriction of fibrous tissue secondary to thoracolumbar caudal articular process malformation at 2 referral institutions between 19 were reviewed. Objective-To report thoracolumbar caudal articular process malformations with secondary constrictive fibrosis of the spinal cord in Pugs.Īnimals-11 Pugs with neurologic dysfunction resulting from constriction of fibrous tissue secondary to thoracolumbar caudal articular process malformation and 5 Pugs with no neurologic dysfunction. |
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